"excommunicate" meaning in All languages combined

See excommunicate on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

IPA: /ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/ [UK], /ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/ [US] Audio: En-us-excommunicate (noun).oga
Etymology: From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). By surface analysis, ex- + communicate. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumian. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|EL.|-}} Ecclesiastical Latin, {{bor|en|LL.|excommunicātus}} Late Latin excommunicātus, {{surf|en|ex-|communicate}} By surface analysis, ex- + communicate, {{ncog|ang|āmǣnsumian}} Old English āmǣnsumian Head templates: {{en-adj|-}} excommunicate (not comparable)
  1. Excommunicated. Tags: not-comparable Categories (topical): Canon law, Roman Catholicism
    Sense id: en-excommunicate-en-adj-t33CNgj3 Disambiguation of Canon law: 42 44 1 13 Disambiguation of Roman Catholicism: 42 44 1 13 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with ex-, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Old French translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 44 42 3 12 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with ex-: 30 33 17 20 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 42 39 5 14 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 45 42 4 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 44 43 2 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 42 43 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 39 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 40 41 3 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 38 39 6 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 43 44 1 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 35 36 8 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Old French translations: 39 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 40 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 42 42 3 13

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/ [UK], /ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/ [US] Audio: En-us-excommunicate (noun).oga Forms: excommunicates [plural]
Etymology: From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). By surface analysis, ex- + communicate. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumian. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|EL.|-}} Ecclesiastical Latin, {{bor|en|LL.|excommunicātus}} Late Latin excommunicātus, {{surf|en|ex-|communicate}} By surface analysis, ex- + communicate, {{ncog|ang|āmǣnsumian}} Old English āmǣnsumian Head templates: {{en-noun}} excommunicate (plural excommunicates)
  1. An excommunicated person. Categories (topical): Canon law, Christianity, Roman Catholicism Synonyms: excommunicant, excommunicatee
    Sense id: en-excommunicate-en-noun-tWkPw4LJ Disambiguation of Canon law: 42 44 1 13 Disambiguation of Christianity: 38 47 4 11 Disambiguation of Roman Catholicism: 42 44 1 13 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with ex-, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Old French translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 44 42 3 12 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with ex-: 30 33 17 20 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 42 39 5 14 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 45 42 4 10 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 44 43 2 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 42 43 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 39 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 40 41 3 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 38 39 6 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 32 50 4 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 33 51 3 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 43 44 1 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 35 36 8 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Old French translations: 39 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 40 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 33 50 3 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 33 51 3 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 42 42 3 13

Verb [English]

IPA: /ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/ [UK], /ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/ [US], /ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ [UK], /ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkeɪt/ [US] Audio: En-us-excommunicate (noun).oga , En-us-excommunicate.oga Forms: excommunicates [present, singular, third-person], excommunicating [participle, present], excommunicated [participle, past], excommunicated [past]
Etymology: From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). By surface analysis, ex- + communicate. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumian. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|EL.|-}} Ecclesiastical Latin, {{bor|en|LL.|excommunicātus}} Late Latin excommunicātus, {{surf|en|ex-|communicate}} By surface analysis, ex- + communicate, {{ncog|ang|āmǣnsumian}} Old English āmǣnsumian Head templates: {{en-verb}} excommunicate (third-person singular simple present excommunicates, present participle excommunicating, simple past and past participle excommunicated)
  1. (transitive) To officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community. Tags: transitive Translations (to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community): отлъчвам от църквата (otlǎčvam ot cǎrkvata) (Bulgarian), excomunicar (Catalan), ekskommunikere (Danish), ekskomuniki (Esperanto), excommunier (French), bannir (French), exkommunizieren (German), bannen (German), verbannen (German), αφορίζω (aforízo) (Greek), kiközösít (Hungarian), scomunicare (Italian), excommunicare (Latin), изопшти (izopšti) (Macedonian), екскомуницира (ekskomunicira) (Macedonian), ekskommunisere (Norwegian Bokmål), lyse i bann (Norwegian Bokmål), bannlyse (Norwegian Bokmål), utelukke fra den katolske kirke (Norwegian Bokmål), ekskommunisere (Norwegian Nynorsk), lyse i bann (Norwegian Nynorsk), bannlyse (Norwegian Nynorsk), bannlysa (Norwegian Nynorsk), stengje ute frå den katolske kyrkja (Norwegian Nynorsk), āmǣnsumian (Old English), escumengier (Old French), ekskomunikować [imperfective, perfective] (Polish), potępiać [imperfective] (Polish), potępić [perfective] (Polish), wyklinać [imperfective] (Polish), wykląć [perfective] (Polish), excomungar (Portuguese), изгоня́ть (izgonjátʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), изгна́ть (izgnátʹ) [perfective] (Russian), выгоня́ть (vygonjátʹ) [imperfective] (Russian), вы́гнать (výgnatʹ) [perfective] (Russian), отлуча́ть (otlučátʹ) (note: e.g. from church) [imperfective] (Russian), отлучи́ть (otlučítʹ) [perfective] (Russian), ekskomunicírati [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), izòpćiti [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), excomulgar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-excommunicate-en-verb-M4XQZbgz Categories (other): English terms prefixed with ex- Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with ex-: 30 33 17 20 Disambiguation of 'to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community': 88 12
  2. (transitive, historical or figurative) To exclude from any other group; to banish. Tags: figuratively, historical, transitive Categories (topical): Canon law, Roman Catholicism
    Sense id: en-excommunicate-en-verb-WCGuJTI3 Disambiguation of Canon law: 42 44 1 13 Disambiguation of Roman Catholicism: 42 44 1 13 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with ex-, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Old French translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 44 42 3 12 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with ex-: 30 33 17 20 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 42 39 5 14 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 44 43 2 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 42 43 2 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 39 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 40 41 3 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 38 39 6 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 40 41 4 15 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 43 44 1 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 35 36 8 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Old French translations: 39 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 40 39 5 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 39 42 3 16 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 42 42 3 13
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: disfellowship, takfir Related terms: excommunication

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

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          "orig": "en:Christianity",
          "parents": [
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 44 1 13",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Roman Catholicism",
          "orig": "en:Roman Catholicism",
          "parents": [
            "Catholicism",
            "Christianity",
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An excommunicated person."
      ],
      "id": "en-excommunicate-en-noun-tWkPw4LJ",
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "excommunicant"
        },
        {
          "word": "excommunicatee"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-excommunicate (noun).oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga"
    }
  ],
  "word": "excommunicate"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "EL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "excommunicātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin excommunicātus",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ex-",
        "3": "communicate"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, ex- + communicate",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "āmǣnsumian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āmǣnsumian",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). By surface analysis, ex- + communicate. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumian.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "excommunicates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "excommunicating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "excommunicated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "excommunicated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "excommunicate (third-person singular simple present excommunicates, present participle excommunicating, simple past and past participle excommunicated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "excommunication"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 33 17 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms prefixed with ex-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXXVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 294:",
          "text": "“Perhaps it is because I have been excommunicated. It’s absurd, but I feel like the Jackdaw of Rheims.” ¶ She winced and bowed her head. Each time that he spoke flippantly of the Church he caused her pain.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community."
      ],
      "id": "en-excommunicate-en-verb-M4XQZbgz",
      "links": [
        [
          "officially",
          "officially"
        ],
        [
          "exclude",
          "exclude"
        ],
        [
          "membership",
          "membership"
        ],
        [
          "church",
          "church"
        ],
        [
          "religious",
          "religious"
        ],
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "otlǎčvam ot cǎrkvata",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "отлъчвам от църквата"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "excomunicar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "ekskommunikere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "ekskomuniki"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "excommunier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "exkommunizieren"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "aforízo",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "αφορίζω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "kiközösít"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "scomunicare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "excommunicare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "izopšti",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "изопшти"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "ekskomunicira",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "екскомуницира"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "ekskommunisere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "lyse i bann"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "bannlyse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "utelukke fra den katolske kirke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "ekskommunisere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "lyse i bann"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "bannlyse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "bannlysa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "stengje ute frå den katolske kyrkja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "āmǣnsumian"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "fro",
          "lang": "Old French",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "escumengier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective",
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "ekskomunikować"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "potępiać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "potępić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "wyklinać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "wykląć"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "excomungar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "izgonjátʹ",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "изгоня́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "izgnátʹ",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "изгна́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "vygonjátʹ",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "выгоня́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "výgnatʹ",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "вы́гнать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "note": "e.g. from church",
          "roman": "otlučátʹ",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "отлуча́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "otlučítʹ",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "отлучи́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "ekskomunicírati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "izòpćiti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "excomulgar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "bannir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "bannen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "88 12",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
          "word": "verbannen"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 42 3 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "30 33 17 20",
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          "_dis": "42 39 5 14",
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "40 41 4 15",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 41 4 15",
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          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
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        {
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 42 3 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 39 5 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 41 3 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 39 6 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Greek translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 42 3 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 42 3 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Latin translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 41 4 15",
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          "name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
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        {
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        {
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          "name": "Terms with Old English translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 42 3 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 44 1 13",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Canon law",
          "orig": "en:Canon law",
          "parents": [
            "Law",
            "Roman Catholicism",
            "Justice",
            "Catholicism",
            "Society",
            "Christianity",
            "All topics",
            "Abrahamism",
            "Fundamental",
            "Religion",
            "Culture"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "42 44 1 13",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Roman Catholicism",
          "orig": "en:Roman Catholicism",
          "parents": [
            "Catholicism",
            "Christianity",
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1982 December 18, Pat Califa, “Open Policy”, in Gay Community News, volume 10, number 22, page 5:",
          "text": "Samois includes celebate ^([sic]), heterosexual and bisexual women as well as lesbians, and I feel very strongly that this is the wisest choice. Our community is so fragile that we can't afford to fragment it by excommunicating non-lesbian women.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1987, InfoWorld, volume 9, number 37, page 46:",
          "text": "Although our Macs served us well, in those early, dark years Macintosh users were effectively excommunicated by the computer establishment.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To exclude from any other group; to banish."
      ],
      "id": "en-excommunicate-en-verb-WCGuJTI3",
      "links": [
        [
          "banish",
          "banish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, historical or figurative) To exclude from any other group; to banish."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "historical",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-excommunicate (noun).oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkeɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-excommunicate.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-us-excommunicate.oga/En-us-excommunicate.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-us-excommunicate.oga"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "disfellowship"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "takfir"
    }
  ],
  "word": "excommunicate"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
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    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin",
    "English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ecclesiastical Latin",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms prefixed with ex-",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Old French translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
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    "en:Canon law",
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      },
      "expansion": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "excommunicātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin excommunicātus",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ex-",
        "3": "communicate"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, ex- + communicate",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "āmǣnsumian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āmǣnsumian",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). By surface analysis, ex- + communicate. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumian.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "excommunicate (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, John ix:[22], folio cxxxiiij, verso:",
          "text": "[…]the iewes had conſpyred allredy that yff eny man did confeſſe that he was Chriſt / he ſhulde be excommunicat out of the Sinagoge.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 9, column 2:",
          "text": "Thou ſhalt ſtand curſt, and excommunicate[…]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Excommunicated."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Excommunicated",
          "excommunicated"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-excommunicate (noun).oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga"
    }
  ],
  "word": "excommunicate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin",
    "English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ecclesiastical Latin",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms prefixed with ex-",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Old French translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "en:Canon law",
    "en:Christianity",
    "en:Roman Catholicism"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "EL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "excommunicātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin excommunicātus",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ex-",
        "3": "communicate"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, ex- + communicate",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "āmǣnsumian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āmǣnsumian",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). By surface analysis, ex- + communicate. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumian.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "excommunicates",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "excommunicate (plural excommunicates)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An excommunicated person."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "excommunicant"
        },
        {
          "word": "excommunicatee"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-excommunicate (noun).oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga"
    }
  ],
  "word": "excommunicate"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin",
    "English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Ecclesiastical Latin",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms prefixed with ex-",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "English verbs",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Old English translations",
    "Terms with Old French translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "en:Canon law",
    "en:Christianity",
    "en:Roman Catholicism"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "EL.",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Ecclesiastical Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "excommunicātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin excommunicātus",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ex-",
        "3": "communicate"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, ex- + communicate",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "āmǣnsumian"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English āmǣnsumian",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ecclesiastical Latin, Late Latin excommunicātus, perfect passive participle of excommunicō (“put out of the community”). By surface analysis, ex- + communicate. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumian.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "excommunicates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "excommunicating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "excommunicated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "excommunicated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "excommunicate (third-person singular simple present excommunicates, present participle excommunicating, simple past and past participle excommunicated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "excommunication"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXXVII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, page 294:",
          "text": "“Perhaps it is because I have been excommunicated. It’s absurd, but I feel like the Jackdaw of Rheims.” ¶ She winced and bowed her head. Each time that he spoke flippantly of the Church he caused her pain.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "officially",
          "officially"
        ],
        [
          "exclude",
          "exclude"
        ],
        [
          "membership",
          "membership"
        ],
        [
          "church",
          "church"
        ],
        [
          "religious",
          "religious"
        ],
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1982 December 18, Pat Califa, “Open Policy”, in Gay Community News, volume 10, number 22, page 5:",
          "text": "Samois includes celebate ^([sic]), heterosexual and bisexual women as well as lesbians, and I feel very strongly that this is the wisest choice. Our community is so fragile that we can't afford to fragment it by excommunicating non-lesbian women.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1987, InfoWorld, volume 9, number 37, page 46:",
          "text": "Although our Macs served us well, in those early, dark years Macintosh users were effectively excommunicated by the computer establishment.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To exclude from any other group; to banish."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "banish",
          "banish"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, historical or figurative) To exclude from any other group; to banish."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "historical",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkət/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkət/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-excommunicate (noun).oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1a/En-us-excommunicate_%28noun%29.oga"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛkskəˈmjunəkeɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-excommunicate.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/37/En-us-excommunicate.oga/En-us-excommunicate.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/En-us-excommunicate.oga"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "disfellowship"
    },
    {
      "word": "takfir"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "otlǎčvam ot cǎrkvata",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "отлъчвам от църквата"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "excomunicar"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "ekskommunikere"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "ekskomuniki"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "excommunier"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "exkommunizieren"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "aforízo",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "αφορίζω"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "kiközösít"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "scomunicare"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "excommunicare"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "izopšti",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "изопшти"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "ekskomunicira",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "екскомуницира"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "ekskommunisere"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "lyse i bann"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "bannlyse"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "utelukke fra den katolske kirke"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "ekskommunisere"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "lyse i bann"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "bannlyse"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "bannlysa"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "stengje ute frå den katolske kyrkja"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "āmǣnsumian"
    },
    {
      "code": "fro",
      "lang": "Old French",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "escumengier"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "ekskomunikować"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "potępiać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "potępić"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "wyklinać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "wykląć"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "excomungar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "izgonjátʹ",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "изгоня́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "izgnátʹ",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "изгна́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vygonjátʹ",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "выгоня́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "výgnatʹ",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "вы́гнать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "note": "e.g. from church",
      "roman": "otlučátʹ",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "отлуча́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "otlučítʹ",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "отлучи́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "ekskomunicírati"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "izòpćiti"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "excomulgar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "bannir"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "bannen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "verbannen"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to officially exclude someone from membership of a church or religious community",
      "word": "kiközösít"
    }
  ],
  "word": "excommunicate"
}

Download raw JSONL data for excommunicate meaning in All languages combined (18.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "page/2530",
  "msg": "skipping string in the middle of translations: </table></div></div>\n\n",
  "path": [
    "excommunicate"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "excommunicate",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2517",
  "msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'to exclude from any other group; to banish', 2: 'banish'}",
  "path": [
    "excommunicate",
    "trans-top-see"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "excommunicate",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.